style.css

/* ===================================
   FONT DECLARATIONS
   =================================== */
@font-face {
    font-family: "Helveesti";
    src: url("Fonts/ABC Helveesti/ABCHelveestiPlusVariableEdu-Regular.woff2") format("woff2-variations");
    font-weight: 100 900;
    font-style: normal italic;
    font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes";
    src: url("Fonts/ABC Helveesti/ABCHelveestiSpikesVariableEdu-Regular.woff2") format("woff2-variations");
    font-weight: 100 900;
    font-style: normal italic;
    font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
    font-family: 'Untimes';
    src: url('Fonts/Untimes-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
    font-display: swap;
}

/* ===================================
   CSS CUSTOM PROPERTIES
   =================================== */
:root {
    color-scheme: light;
    /* Fluid typography: scales smoothly from 13px to 18px */
    --base-grid: clamp(0.8125rem, 0.65rem + 0.45vw, 1.125rem);
    --article-size: clamp(1rem, 0.8rem + 0.5vw, 1.15625rem);
    --base-size: var(--base-grid);
    --xlarge-size: calc(var(--base-size) * 5);
    --heading-size: calc(var(--base-size) * 3);
    --large-size: calc(var(--base-size) * 2);
    --medium-size: calc(var(--base-size) * 2);
    --caption-size: calc(var(--base-size) * 0.8);

    /* Line Heights */
    --lineheight: 1.5;
    --lineheight-small: 1.3;

    /* Font Weights */
    --wght: 400;
    --wght-heavy: 900;

    /* Layout */
    --width-text: 55vw;
    --pad-body: calc(var(--base-grid) * 2);
    --pad: calc(var(--base-grid) * 1.5);
    --pad-sm: calc(var(--base-grid) * 1);
    --pad-xs: calc(var(--base-grid) * 0.5);
    --indent: clamp(1.5rem, 1rem + 1.5vw, 3rem);
    --bg-color: rgb(255 255 255);
}


/* ===================================
   GLOBAL RESET & BASE STYLES
   =================================== */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    font-size: var(--base-size);
}

body {
    width: 100%;
    font-family: "Helveesti", sans-serif;
    font-size: var(--base-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight);
    font-weight: var(--wght);
    font-variant-numeric: oldstyle-nums;
    background-color: rgb(255 255 255);
    font-feature-settings: "smcp" on;
    position: relative;
    /* Context for absolute frame */
}

/* Global Blurred Frame */
body::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    /* Anchored to document, not viewport */
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 9998;
    /* Sharper edge (spread radius 12px) fading into blur (20px) - Darker color */
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 12px 14px rgba(198, 198, 197, 0.85);
}

/* Custom Selection Color */
::selection {
    background: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    /* Light gray */
    color: #363635;
    /* Dark gray text */
}

::-moz-selection {
    background: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    color: #363635;
}

/* Custom Selection Color - Italiano */
.lang-it::selection,
.lang-it *::selection {
    background: rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

.lang-it::-moz-selection,
.lang-it *::-moz-selection {
    background: rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* ===================================
   HERO SECTION - FULL VIEWPORT
   =================================== */
.hero-section {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100vh;
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* Hero Images Container - For future JS implementation */
.hero-images {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 100 !important;
    /* Above header */
    pointer-events: none;
    /* Allow clicks to pass through to header */
}

/* Hero Popup Images - Animated */
.hero-popup-image {
    position: absolute;
    object-fit: contain;
    background: transparent;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.5);
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 999 !important;
    /* Maximum z-index - above everything */
    box-shadow: none !important;
    filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 15px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.25)) drop-shadow(0 4px 40px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.35));
    border: none !important;
    outline: none !important;
}

.hero-popup-image.visible {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: scale(1) !important;
}

.hero-popup-image.hiding {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.8);
    transition: opacity 0.4s ease, transform 0.4s ease;
}

/* Main Header in Hero Section - Centered */
.hero-section .main-header {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    /* Keep existing main-header styles */
}

/* Main Content Section */
.main-content {
    position: relative;
    background: var(--bg-color);
    min-height: 100vh;
}



/* ===================================
   TYPOGRAPHY
   =================================== */
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    font-weight: var(--wght-heavy);
    padding-bottom: 0;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 0.9;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

h1,
h2 {
    font-size: var(--heading-size);
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
}

p {
    line-height: var(--lineheight);
}

p strong {
    font-weight: var(--wght-heavy);
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    padding-right: 2px;
}

p strong em {
    font-style: italic;
}

em {
    font-style: italic;
    font-variation-settings: "EXPO" -10;
}


i {
    font-style: normal;
    font-variation-settings: "slnt" -10;
}


/* ===================================
   LANGUAGE STYLES
   =================================== */
.lang-en {
    color: #363635;
    -webkit-hyphens: auto;
    -moz-hyphens: auto;
    -ms-hyphens: auto;
    hyphens: auto;
}

.lang-it {
    color: #878786;
    -webkit-hyphens: auto;
    -moz-hyphens: auto;
    -ms-hyphens: auto;
    hyphens: auto;
}

a {
    cursor: pointer;
    text-decoration: none;
}

@media (max-width: 850px) {
    p {
        letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    }

    .main-header .subtitle .lang-it {
        padding-left: 16%;
    }
}

/* ===================================
   LAYOUT CONTAINER
   =================================== */
.layout-container {
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

main.content {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* ===================================
   HEADER STYLES
   =================================== */
.main-header {
    width: 100%;
    padding: var(--pad-body) 0 0 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.main-header h1 {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-size: calc(var(--heading-size) * 3);
    line-height: 0.84;
    margin-bottom: var(--pad-sm);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    color: #363635;
    text-shadow: none;
}

.home-link {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.main-header .subtitle {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-size: 2.8vw;
    line-height: 0.905;
    font-weight: 900;
    text-align: left;
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-wrap: pretty;
    padding-left: 5%;
}

.main-header .subtitle .lang-en,
.main-header .subtitle .lang-it {
    display: block;
    text-align: left;
}

.main-header .subtitle .lang-it {
    padding: 0;
    padding-left: 25%;
    text-indent: 0;
}

/* ===================================
   ARTICLE STYLES
   =================================== */
article {
    margin-top: 10vh;
    padding: 0;
    background-color: rgb(255 255 255);
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

article h1,
article h2,
article h3,
article p {
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

article h1,
article h2 {
    padding: 0;
    padding-bottom: var(--pad);
}

article h1 {
    font-size: var(--heading-size);
    width: 100%;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

article h2 {
    font-size: var(--medium-size) !important;
    line-height: 0.905;
    padding-top: calc(var(--pad-body) * 4);
    padding-bottom: calc(var(--pad-body) * 4 / 3);
}

article p {
    text-indent: 0;
    font-size: var(--article-size);
    text-align: left;
    text-wrap: pretty;
    -webkit-hyphens: auto;
    -moz-hyphens: auto;
    -ms-hyphens: auto;
    hyphens: auto;
}

article a {
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

article a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* ===================================
   INTRO HEADER
   =================================== */
.intro-header {
    text-align: left;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding-right: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.intro-header h2 {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-size: var(--medium-size);
    font-weight: 900;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #363635;
    padding: 0;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

.intro-header h2.centered-title {
    text-align: center;
    padding-top: 0;
}

/* Specific adjustment for intro header superscripts */
.intro-header h2 .sups {
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1;
    vertical-align: baseline;
    position: relative;
    top: -0.4em;
}

.intro-header h2 {
    padding-top: 0.5em;
    /* Add space for superscript */
}

/* Hover effect for Main Title */
.main-header h1:hover {
    text-shadow:
        -0.5vw -0.5vw 2vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -1vw -1vw 2vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.5vw 0.5vw 2vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        1vw 1vw 2vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* ===================================
   BILINGUAL LAYOUT
   =================================== */
.bilingual-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.bilingual-group {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: justify;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    padding: 0;
    position: relative;
}

.bilingual-group p {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.bilingual-group:nth-child(odd) {
    padding-right: 20%;
}

.bilingual-group:nth-child(even) {
    padding-left: 20%;
}


/* ===================================
   SUPERSCRIPT & FOOTNOTES
   =================================== */
.sups {
    text-transform: none;
    vertical-align: baseline;
    font-size: 0.8em;
    font-weight: 450;
    line-height: 0;
    position: relative;
    top: -0.4em;
}

.footnote {
    cursor: pointer;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

.footnote:hover {
    text-shadow:
        -0.05em -0.05em 0.2em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.1em -0.1em 0.2em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.05em 0.05em 0.2em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* ===================================
   BIBLIOGRAPHY SECTION
   =================================== */
.bibliography-section {
    margin-top: 10vh;
    max-width: 100%;
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {

    /* Desktop bibliography margins */
    .bibliography-section {
        padding-left: 10vw;
        padding-right: 10vw;
    }
}

.bibliography-grid {
    display: block;
    column-count: 2;
    column-gap: var(--pad);
    margin-top: var(--pad);
}

.bibliography-item {
    break-inside: avoid;
    margin-bottom: var(--base-size);
}

.bibliography-item p {
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight-small);
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.bibliography-item a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.bibliography-item a:hover {
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* ===================================
   ARTICLE EXCERPT
   =================================== */
.article-excerpt {
    margin-top: var(--base-size);
    margin-right: auto;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    margin-left: auto;
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    padding-right: 10%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.article-excerpt p {
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight);
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.article-excerpt .lang-it {
    margin: 0;
    display: block;
    color: #878786;
    /* Maintain visibility */
}

/* ===================================
   INFO SECTION (4 columns)
   =================================== */
.info-section {
    margin-top: 10vh;
    max-width: 100%;
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {
    .info-section {
        padding-left: 10vw;
        padding-right: 10vw;
    }
}

.info-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr);
    gap: var(--pad);
    margin-top: var(--pad);
}



.info-item {
    grid-column: span 3;
    /* Default width (1/4th) */
}

.license-item {
    grid-column: span 2;
    /* Reset to 2 to fit 6 items in 12 cols (6*2=12) */
}



.info-item h3 {
    font-family: "Helveesti", sans-serif;
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    font-weight: normal;
    text-transform: none;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: var(--pad-xs);
    font-size: var(--caption-size) !important;
}

.license-item a:hover {
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
}

.info-item p {
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight);
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
    hyphens: none;
    -webkit-hyphens: none;
    -ms-hyphens: none;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

/* Plain links for info section */
.info-link,
.license-item a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.info-link:hover,
.info-link:active,
.info-link:visited,
.license-item a:hover {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Hover effect for Info Section Links (Names & License) */
.info-grid .info-link:hover,
.license-item a:hover {
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

.info-header {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
    color: #363635;
}

.info-item:not(.license-item) .lang-it {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
}

.info-item.cookie-item .lang-it {
    font-family: "Helveesti", sans-serif;
    font-weight: normal;
}

/* Centered Title (Get the PDF) - half title size with shadow */
.centered-title {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: calc(var(--heading-size) * 1.5) !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    text-shadow: none;
}

/* Hover effect for the PDF Title */
.book-section .info-link:hover .centered-title {
    text-shadow:
        -0.25vw -0.25vw 1vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.5vw -0.5vw 1vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.25vw 0.25vw 1vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.5vw 0.5vw 1vw rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}



/* Author links in article text */
.author-link {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.author-link:hover {
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* Dark shadow for Italian text (when visible and grey) */
.lang-it .footnote.sups:hover,
.lang-it .author-link:hover,
.lang-it .info-link:hover,
.license-item .lang-it a:hover,
.figure-caption p.lang-it a:hover {
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
}

/* Footnote Popup */
.footnote-popup {
    position: absolute;
    max-width: 37.5vw;
    width: fit-content;
    padding: 0;
    background: transparent;
    box-shadow: none;
    filter: none;
    z-index: 1000;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    margin: 0;
    /* Exit transition: smooth and simple */
    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(0.9);
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, visibility 0.2s ease;
}

.footnote-popup.active {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1);
    /* Enter transition: bouncy elastic effect */
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}

.footnote-popup-content {
    position: relative;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    /* Ensure parent has correct size */
    line-height: var(--lineheight-small);
    /* Ensure parent strut matches child */
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.footnote-popup-number {
    display: none;
}

/* Keep the close button accessible without changing the visual design. */
.footnote-popup-close {
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 0;
}

.footnote-popup-text {
    font-family: "Helveesti", sans-serif;
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight-small) !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0;
    display: inline;
    background: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    /* Basic Feather effect */
    box-decoration-break: clone;
    -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

/* Italian footnotes - inverted colors */
.footnote-popup.lang-it {
    background: transparent;
}

.footnote-popup.lang-it .footnote-popup-text {
    background: rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
    /* Basic Feather effect */
}

/* Links inside footnotes */
.footnote-popup-text a,
.footnote-popup-text a:visited,
.footnote-popup-text a:active {
    color: inherit !important;
    /*text-decoration: none;*/
}

.footnote-popup-text a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
    text-shadow:
        -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* Italian footnote links hover (inverted) */
.footnote-popup.lang-it .footnote-popup-text a:hover {
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1) !important;
    text-shadow:
        -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
}


/* ===================================
   FIGURE & CAPTIONS (Replaces floating-image on img)
   =================================== */
.figure-wrapper {
    position: absolute;
    width: 18vw;
    max-width: 18vw;
    z-index: 10;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    /* Align to bottom of parent bilingual-group */
    bottom: 0;
}

.figure-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 40px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.35), 0 2px 15px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.25);
}

.figure-wrapper.right {
    right: max(-20vw, calc(-0.5 * (100vw - var(--width-text)) + 2.5vw));
}

.figure-wrapper.left {
    left: max(-20vw, calc(-0.5 * (100vw - var(--width-text)) + 2.5vw));
}

.figure-caption {
    font-family: "Helveesti", sans-serif;
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight-small);
    text-wrap: pretty;
    padding: 0;
    margin-top: var(--base-size);
    /* Space between image and caption */

    background: transparent;
    filter: none;

    /* Reset previous styles */
    box-shadow: none;
    border: none;

    text-align: left;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.figure-caption p {
    margin: 0;
    text-indent: 0;
    font-size: inherit;
    line-height: inherit;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    text-align: left;

    /* Highlight style */
    display: inline;
    background-color: rgb(255 255 255);
    box-shadow: 5px 0 0 rgb(255 255 255), -5px 0 0 rgb(255 255 255);
}

/* Full-width images */
.figure-full {
    width: 85vw;
    max-width: 85vw;
    margin: calc(var(--pad-body) * 3) auto;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    left: 0;
}

.figure-contained {
    width: var(--width-text);
    max-width: var(--width-text);
}

.figure-full img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 40px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.35), 0 2px 15px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.25);
}

.figure-full .figure-caption {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin-top: var(--base-size);
    text-align: left;
}

.figure-caption p.lang-en {
    background: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    color: initial;
    box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    /* Basic Feather effect */
}

/* Add spacing between languages using a pseudo-element on the first paragraph */
.figure-caption p.lang-en::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    height: calc(0.5em * var(--lineheight-small));
    /* Half of previous line-height for spacing */
    background: transparent;
    box-shadow: none;
    /* No shadow on spacer */
}

.figure-caption p.lang-it {
    background: rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
    /* Basic Feather effect */
}

.figure-caption a,
.figure-caption .info-link {
    /* Assuming links might use this or generic a */
    color: inherit !important;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.figure-caption p.lang-en a:hover,
.figure-caption a:hover {
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

.figure-caption a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Tablet adjustments */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .figure-wrapper {
        width: 16vw;
        max-width: 16vw;
        bottom: 0;
    }

    .figure-wrapper.right {
        right: -17vw;
    }

    .figure-wrapper.left {
        left: -17vw;
    }
}


/* ===================================
   UTILITY CLASSES
   =================================== */
.mobile-only {
    display: none;
}

img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(54, 54, 53, 0.2);
}

button {
    background: transparent;
    border: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
}

/* ===================================
   BOOK SECTION
   =================================== */
.book-section {
    margin-top: 10vh;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    /* Scale to match layout */
}

@media (min-width: 641px) {
    .book-section {
        padding-left: var(--pad-body);
        padding-right: var(--pad-body);
    }
}

/* ===================================
   FOOTER SECTION
   =================================== */
.footer-section {
    margin-top: 10vh;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    /* Mobile first: stack */
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--pad);
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.footer-col {
    text-align: left;
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    /* Limit width for nice reading */
}

.footer-col p {
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    line-height: var(--lineheight);
    margin: 0;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.footer-col .lang-it {
    display: inline;
    margin: 0;
    -webkit-hyphens: none;
    -moz-hyphens: none;
    -ms-hyphens: none;
    hyphens: none;
}

.footer-col a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: none;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.footer-col a:hover {
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

.footer-col .lang-it a:hover {
    color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
    text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1);
}

/* Desktop: Side by side */
@media (min-width: 769px) {
    .footer-section {
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
        gap: var(--pad);
        padding-left: 10vw;
        padding-right: 10vw;
        padding-bottom: 0;
        /* Matching visual spacing */
    }

    .article-excerpt {
        max-width: var(--width-text);
        margin: var(--base-size) auto 0 auto;
        text-align: left;
    }

    .footer-col {
        flex: 1;
        /* Equal width */
        max-width: 400px;
        /* Max width per column */
    }
}


/* ===================================
   ARTICLE AUTHORS
   =================================== */
.article-authors {
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin: 0 auto;
    margin-bottom: calc(1em * var(--lineheight));
    /* One line of space */
    text-align: left;
    font-size: var(--article-size);
    /* Same as article text */
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    color: #363635;
}

.article-authors .author-surname {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
}

.article-authors .sups {
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
}


/* ===================================
   PROJECT INTRO
   =================================== */
.project-intro {
    max-width: var(--width-text);
    margin: 0 auto;
    margin-top: 10vh;
    margin-bottom: 20vh;
    /* Large space before article */
    text-align: center;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}

.project-intro p {
    font-size: calc(var(--base-size) * 1.5);
    /* Same as article */
    font-family: 'Untimes', sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin: 0;
    display: block;
    padding: 0;
    text-wrap: pretty;
}



/* Large screens - adjust layout */
@media (min-width: 1600px) {
    :root {
        --width-text: 40vw;
    }

    .main-header .subtitle .lang-it {
        padding-left: 20%;
    }

    .main-header .subtitle {
        padding-left: 0;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    :root {
        --width-text: 60vw;
    }
}

/* ===================================
   MOBILE LAYOUT (MAX 768PX)
   =================================== */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    :root {
        --width-text: 100%;
        --lineheight: 1.35;
    }

    /* Scroll to Top - Hide on Mobile */
    #scroll_top {
        display: none !important;
    }

    /* Show mobile-only line breaks */
    .mobile-only {
        display: block;
    }


    /* Hamburger Menu - Hide on Mobile */
    .hamburger-menu {
        display: none !important;
    }

    /* Reduce blurred frame/halo on small viewports */
    body::after {
        box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px 10px rgba(198, 198, 197, 0.55);
    }

    /* Mobile Layout Overrides - unified margins */
    .layout-container,
    .main-header {
        padding-left: 8vw !important;
        padding-right: 8vw !important;
    }

    /* Reset internal padding for all sections to avoid double-padding from parent */
    article,
    .bibliography-section,
    .info-section,
    .book-section,
    .footer-section,
    .bibliography-grid,
    .info-grid {
        padding-left: 0 !important;
        padding-right: 0 !important;
    }

    .intro-header,
    .bilingual-wrapper {
        max-width: 100% !important;
    }

    /* Fix Main Title Explosion */
    .main-header {
        max-width: 100%;
        padding: var(--pad-body) 0;
    }

    .main-header h1 {
        font-size: 21vw !important;
        line-height: 0.875 !important;
    }

    .main-header .subtitle {
        font-size: 6vw !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        line-height: 0.905 !important;
        padding-left: 0 !important;
    }

    .main-header .subtitle .lang-it {
        padding-left: 16% !important;
    }

    .bilingual-group:nth-child(odd),
    .bilingual-group:nth-child(even) {
        padding-right: 0 !important;
        padding-left: 0 !important;
    }

    .bilingual-group p {
        text-indent: 0 !important;
    }

    .bibliography-grid {
        column-count: 1 !important;
    }

    /* Article text: slightly smaller */
    article p,
    .article-authors {
        font-size: 4.5vw !important;
    }

    /* Larger captions on mobile for readability */
    .figure-caption,
    .figure-caption p {
        font-size: 4vw !important;
    }

    .bibliography-item p,
    .article-excerpt p,
    .footer-col p {
        font-size: 4vw !important;
    }

    .footer-col p {
        -webkit-hyphens: none;
        -moz-hyphens: none;
        -ms-hyphens: none;
        hyphens: none;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        word-break: break-word;
    }

    .article-excerpt {
        padding-left: 0 !important;
    }

    .info-item p,
    .info-item h3 {
        font-size: 4vw !important;
    }

    /* Section headings same as subtitle */
    article h2,
    .intro-header h2 {
        font-size: 6vw !important;
        line-height: 0.905 !important;
    }

    .project-intro p {
        font-size: 5.5vw !important;
        line-height: 1.2 !important;
    }

    /* "Get the PDF!" title - 50% of Main Title (21vw / 2 = 10.5vw) */
    .intro-header h2.centered-title {
        font-size: 12.5vw !important;
        line-height: 1.1 !important;
    }

    /* Enable hover effects on mobile via active/focus */
    article a:active,
    article a:focus,
    .footnote:active,
    .footnote:focus,
    .bibliography-item a:active,
    .bibliography-item a:focus,
    .info-link:active,
    .info-link:focus,
    .license-item a:active,
    .license-item a:focus,
    .author-link:active,
    .author-link:focus,
    .figure-caption a:active,
    .figure-caption a:focus {
        text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
            -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
            0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
            0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1) !important;
    }

    /* Dark shadow for Italian text on mobile */
    .lang-it a:active,
    .lang-it a:focus {
        color: rgba(198, 198, 197, 1) !important;
        text-shadow: -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
            -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
            0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1),
            0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(54, 54, 53, 1) !important;
    }

    /* Mobile Images */
    .figure-wrapper {
        position: static !important;
        display: flex !important;
        flex-direction: column !important;
        max-width: 70% !important;
        width: 70% !important;
        height: auto !important;
        margin: calc(var(--pad-body) * 0.75) auto !important;
        right: auto !important;
        left: auto !important;
    }

    /* Mobile - Full Width Images */
    .figure-full {
        width: 70vw !important;
        max-width: 70vw !important;
        margin: calc(var(--pad-body) * 1.5) auto !important;
    }

    /* Mobile - Footnote Popup */
    .footnote-popup {
        max-width: 80vw !important;
        /* Reset transform for mobile positioning (remove translateY) */
        transform: scale(0.9);
    }

    .footnote-popup.active {
        transform: scale(1) !important;
    }

    .footnote-popup-content,
    .footnote-popup-text {
        font-size: 4vw !important;
        line-height: 1.3 !important;
    }

    /* Mobile Adjustments for Hero */
    .hero-section {
        min-height: 100svh;
    }

    .info-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .info-item,
    .support-item,
    .license-item {
        grid-column: auto;
    }
}

/* ===================================
   SCROLL TO TOP BUTTON
   =================================== */
#scroll_top {
    display: none;
    /* Hidden by default */
    position: fixed;
    top: 48%;
    /* Optical centering adjustment */
    right: var(--pad-body);
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    z-index: 9999;
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    background-color: transparent;
    /* Transparent background */
    color: #363635;
    /* Main text color */
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0;
    font-family: inherit;
    /* Use inherit or system font for emoji */
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    /* Reduced size for emoji */
    font-weight: normal;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, text-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

#scroll_top:hover {
    /* Matching the text shadow hover effect of the rest of the site */
    text-shadow:
        -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

/* ===================================
   HAMBURGER MENU
   =================================== */
.hamburger-menu {
    position: fixed;
    top: 48%;
    /* Optical centering adjustment */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    left: var(--pad-body);
    z-index: 10000;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
}

.hamburger-menu.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

/* Container for relative positioning of the dropdown */
.hamburger-menu-container {
    position: relative;
}

.menu-toggle {
    cursor: pointer;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10001;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    font-size: 3rem;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: text-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.menu-toggle:hover {
    text-shadow:
        -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

.menu-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    min-width: max-content;
    background: transparent;
    display: block;
    padding: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 10000;
    box-shadow: none;
    border: none;
    text-align: left;
}

.hamburger-menu.open .menu-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(10px);
}

.menu-toggle {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10001;
}

.menu-overlay ul {
    list-style: none;
    text-align: left;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: block;
    width: auto;
}

.menu-overlay li {
    margin: var(--pad-xs) 0;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.menu-link {
    font-family: "Helveesti Spikes", sans-serif;
    font-size: var(--caption-size);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #363635;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: calc(var(--lineheight) / 2);
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    display: block;
    mix-blend-mode: difference;
}

.menu-link:hover {
    text-shadow:
        -0.03em -0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        -0.06em -0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.03em 0.03em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1),
        0.06em 0.06em 0.15em rgba(198, 198, 197, 1);
}

.footer-section {
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

/* ===================================
   END LOGO
   =================================== */
.end-logo {
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: 10vh;
    margin-bottom: calc(var(--pad-body) * 2);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    pointer-events: none;
    user-select: none;
}

.end-logo img {
    width: 80px;
    height: auto;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    display: block;
}

/* ===================================
   ACCESSIBILITY: REDUCED MOTION
   =================================== */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {

    *,
    *::before,
    *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }
}